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# Paani

Unravel what's behind the waters

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://paani.earth/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Blog test page](https://paani.earth/?page_id=15194)

## Pages

- [Paani Home](https://paani.earth/) - Courtesy of Grammy Award Winner Ricky Kej 1. MISMANAGEMENT OF RIVERS Rivers, the lifeline of our economy and wildlife are drying up and becoming too polluted. Drought and floods are becoming frequent and more intense. Addressing these challenges involves making sound data-driven and evidence-based decisions in the context of a river basin. Making data-driven and
- [About](https://paani.earth/about/) - Our Mission TO EMPOWER CITIZENS WITH DATA, INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS THAT CAN SAVE RIVERS SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF RIVERS THROUGH DATA Rivers, the lifeline of our economy and wildlife, are drying up and becoming too polluted. Drought and floods are becoming frequent and more intense. Addressing these challenges involves making sound, data-driven, and evidence-based decisions in
- [Report_Uncovering_Hidden_Pollution_in_Arkavathi](https://paani.earth/topics/water-quality-homepage/report_uncovering_hidden_pollution_in_arkavathi/) - Report: Uncovering the Hidden Pollution in the Arkavathi – Emerging Contaminants Impacting Bengaluru & Beyond Updated Date: 16 Jan 2025 PROJECT CO-ORDINATOR:
- [Contact Us](https://paani.earth/contact-us/) - Compassionate about rivers then donate to us DONATE: Paani Earth Foundation has 80G status, granting our donors the ability to avail of a tax deduction on donations. To donate, please write to us at paaniearth@gmail.com or connect@paani.earth.
- [Begur Lake Profile Page](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/begur-lake-profile-page/) - Begur Lake, located in Bengaluru South Taluk of Bengaluru Urban District, lies within the Bommanahalli constituency. This lake faces critical challenges, including encroachment for agriculture, residential development, graveyards, and the NICE Road. Moreover, the lake suffers from direct pollution sources, such as the dumping of construction debris, which severely impacts its ecological health. The lake
- [Water Quality Home Page](https://paani.earth/topics/water-quality-homepage/) - Arkavathi Basin Pollution Map An interactive map to help spatially understand the extent of pollution in the Arkavathi River Basin Report Uncovering the Hidden Pollution in the Arkavathi: Emerging Contaminants Impacting Bengaluru & Beyond
- [Arkavathi Stressors Map](https://paani.earth/rivers/arkavathi-river/arkavathi-river-map/) - ARKAVATHI RIVER BASIN STRESSORS MAP The Arkavathi river basin stressors map shows a wide range of human stressors affecting Arkavathi: Dams, Industrial clusters, Sewage treatment plants, Effluent treatment plants, Hazardous waste Landfills, Urban centers, Open-pit quarries, Hydropower plants, and polluted river stretches. It shows the proximity of quarries to major dam infrastructure. It shows back-to-back
- [Arkavathi Landcover 2021](https://paani.earth/rivers/arkavathi-river/arkavathi-landcover-2021/) - Arkavathi River Basin Landcover 2021 Updated Date: 19 Aug 2023 Landcover of Arkavathi River Basin is extracted from European Space Agency’s (ESA) WorldCover 2021, which is at 10-meter resolution, developed and validated in near-real time based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite data. The land cover map & data of the Arkavathi River basin allows us to
- [Puttenahalli Lake Profile Page](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/puttenahalli_lake_profile/) - Puttenahalli Lake, situated in JP Nagar, South Bangalore, falls under the BBMP lakes division’s jurisdiction. Revitalised in 2009–2010, it is diligently maintained by the citizen group Puttenahalli Neighbourhood Lake Improvement Trust (PNLIT). The lake is supplied with treated wastewater from the sewage treatment plant of L&T South City. Additionally, it receives urban runoff during the Puttenahalli Lake.
- [Lake Governance Related - Homepage](https://paani.earth/regions/lake-governance-related/) - Wetland Rules -2017 Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules KTCDA Act 2014 The Karnataka Tank Conservation and Development Authority Act KTCDA Act Ammendment 2018 The Karnataka Tank Conservation and Dev Authority & Certain Other Law Citizen’s Right in Protection of Lakes By National Law School India University, Bengaluru Using law to combat water pollution By Center
- [Lake Profiles Homepage](https://paani.earth/topics/lake-profiles-homepage/) - Lake Profiles Aralumallige Lake Profile Information on Aralumallige Lake, Bengaluru Rural District Begur Lake Profile Information on Begur Lake, Koramangala Challghatta Watershed, Bengaluru Urban District Hesaraghatta Lake Profile Information on Hesaraghatta Lake, Bengaluru Urban District Hosakerehalli Lake Profile Information on Hosakerehalli lake, within BBMP limits, Bengaluru Urban Kambipura Lake Profile Data and analysis of Kambipura Lake profiles
- [Rivers](https://paani.earth/rivers/) - DATA, INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS AS RIVERS FLOW FROM SOURCE TO SEA LEARN MORE LEARN MORE LEARN MORE GET INVOLVED IN BUILDING RIVER BASIN INFORMATION SYSTEM Get involved in building a sensible and closer to reality river basin information system Share data and information with us. Volunteer your geospatial skills and subject matter expertise. Offer to
- [Arkavathi River Homepage](https://paani.earth/rivers/arkavathi-river/) - Cauvery river is the lifeline of Bengaluru’s economy. Before Cauvery, it was Arkavathi. Running dry and polluted for almost half a century, Arkavathi is biologically dead. It stands as living proof of what is to come for Cauvery, if not already. A victim of Bengaluru’s urban-industrial society, Arkavathi today is a shadowy semblance of a
- [Arkavathi River Interactive Map](https://paani.earth/topics/interactive-maps-homepage/arkavathi-river-interactive-map/) - This interactive map shows the impact of high pollution levels on life along the Arkavathi River. It integrates primary monitoring data from Paani with information from government, research institutions, and citizen groups to provide a comprehensive view of the river’s pollution.The results highlight the pollutants of concern that are likely byproducts of industry, agriculture, and
- [Topics](https://paani.earth/topics/) - Lake Profiles Land Use Land Cover Interactive Maps Rainfall Remote Sensing Urban Wastewater Reuse Letters to the citizens Water Quality
- [Interactive Maps Homepage](https://paani.earth/topics/interactive-maps-homepage/) - Waterbodies of Anekal, Bengaluru Arkavathi River Basin Pollution Map Interactive maps of Lakes of Bengaluru and other districts. Interactive maps of river basins - Arkavathi, Vrishabhavathi, Cauvery
- [Paani Home - Modified Template Priya](https://paani.earth/paani-home-modified-template-priya/) - Courtesy of Grammy Award Winner Ricky Kej 1. Why do we do what we do? Paani.Earth is a citizen led initative. Our rivers, lifelines…. are in a dire state. @ Priya Make the text where we talk about rivers and all the data to be simpler text 2. Who are WE? One way for concerned
- [Report_Trees on Lakebed](https://paani.earth/topics/remote-sensing-homepage/report_trees-on-lakebed/) - #post_contentAssessing the scale and impacts of planting invasives on Lakes in Bengaluru Urban and its surrounding districts. Since the 1990s, the Karnataka Forest Department has actively planted exotic and invasive tree species across lakebeds—not just on their peripheries—to prevent encroachment and to harvest fuelwood. Our spatial analysis revealed that nearly half (47%) of the lake area in the Hesaraghatta Lake catchment is covered by trees and shrubs. Data from ESA World Cover 2021 shows that in Bengaluru Urban, 49% of lakebeds are covered with trees and shrubs, with specific areas like Anekal Taluk experiencing even higher coverage at 57%. In some instances, entire lakes have transitioned into forest-type woodlands or tree parks.
- [Letters Homepage](https://paani.earth/topics/letters-homepage/) - The First Letter – 2023 The Second Letter – 2024 Paani communication to citizens
- [THE SECOND LETTER](https://paani.earth/topics/letters-homepage/the-second-letter/) - THE SECOND LETTER Updated Date: 05 Sep 2024 This is our first letter of 2024. We have been so busy that our communication has lagged. We have been in the thick of many things that came our way. Here is a quick summary of what we have been doing this past year. But first, we letter, year review, projects, Chemical contamination in Arkavathi River, river flow measurement, remote sensing and gis, Sugarcane-based Ethanol Blended Petrol, western ghats
- [Aralumallige Lake Profile](https://paani.earth/topics/lake-profiles-homepage/aralumallige-lake-profile/) - Aralumallige lake situated in Doddaballapura Taluk, Bengaluru Rural District, falls under the jurisdiction of Minor Irrigation. The lake faces significant threats from various quarters, including encroachment for agricultural purposes, soil excavation due to sand mining and brick making, construction of roads, and commercial fuelwood plantations managed by the Karnataka Forest Department. Despite substantial rainfall in Aralumallige Lake situated in Doddaballapura Taluk, Bengaluru Rural District, falls under the jurisdiction of Minor Irrigation.
- [All about Hesaraghatta Catchment](https://paani.earth/rivers/arkavathi-river/all-about-hesaraghatta-catchment/) - All About Hesaraghatta Catchment Hesaraghatta Lake, built across the Arkavathi River, has a catchment of 602 sq km with more than 200 lakes. Commissioned in 1895 to provide drinking water to Bengaluru, Hesaraghatta Lake dried up 27 years later in 1922. It has since remained an unreliable water source for the city. All data about the lakes of the catchment is published her
- [Waterbodies of Hesaraghatta Lake Catchment](https://paani.earth/rivers/arkavathi-river/all-about-hesaraghatta-catchment/waterbodies-of-hesaraghatta-lake-catchment/) - Waterbodies of Hesaraghatta Lake Catchment Created Date: 29 Aug 2024 Hesaraghatta Lake is historically significant as the first official water supply source for Bangalore city. Established in 1894, it dried up completely in 1922 and has remained mostly dry since 1980. For the past several decades, it has not served as a drinking water supply Hesaraghatta Lake is historically significant as the first official water supply source for Bangalore city. Established in 1894, it dried up completely in 1922 and has remained mostly dry since 1980. For the past several decades, it has not served as a drinking water supply for Bengaluru city.
- [Rainfall Homepage](https://paani.earth/topics/rainfall-homepage/) - The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), established in 1875, is India’s primary repository for weather data. IMD publishes high spatial resolution (0.25X0.25 degree) daily gridded rainfall data covering India from 1901 to 2022. This dataset is utilised for comprehensive rainfall analysis Understanding Key Meteorological Terms Rainfall Analysis – Hesaraghatta Catchment, Arkavathi River Basin Rainfall of all Cauvery Basin Districts and Cauvery river basins
- [Regions](https://paani.earth/regions/) - DATA, INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS ON RIVERS BY REGION LEARN MORE COMING SOON COMING SOON GET INVOLVED IN BUILDING RIVER BASIN INFORMATION SYSTEM Get involved in building a sensible and closer to reality river basin information system Share data and information with us. Volunteer your geospatial skills and subject matter expertise. Offer to write content,
- [Dakshina Pinakini River Basin Homepage](https://paani.earth/rivers/dakshina-pinakini-river-basin-homepage/) - Dakshina Pinakini (Ponnaiyar) is a ~425 kms long, east-flowing river that empties into the Bay of Bengal. It has its origin, in Nandi Hills, near Bengaluru, Karnataka. Its 28,288 sq kms catchment area is spread over Karnataka and Tamil Nadu state. On the north is the Palar River basin, and on the south is the
- [Vrishabhavathi River Homepage](https://paani.earth/rivers/vrishabhavathi-river-homepage/) - The 69-Km long Vrishabhavathi is the urban-industrial river of Bengaluru- India’s silicon valley. Heavily modified and egregiously polluted, Vrishabhavathi does not exist in her natural form. Not even close. She is an open sewer for a toxic mix of human waste, industrial effluents, and solid waste. Because of this, she is often called Visha-bhavathi (Visha
- [Bengaluru Homepage](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/) - Bengaluru – capital city of Karnataka, was fondly known as the city of a thousand lakes, with its water needs met by a series of well-connected man-made tanks. As the city transitioned from City of Thousand Lakes to The Silicon Valley of India, it had to go far to fetch water. Today, the city draws 1450
- [Remote Sensing Homepage](https://paani.earth/topics/remote-sensing-homepage/) - Remote Sensing is the science of gathering information about an area from a distance. Special cameras on satellites or aircraft collect images of the Earth’s surface from a distance by measuring the reflected or emitted radiation. Remote sensing helps researchers monitor environmental changes like land use, vegetation cover, waterbodies and natural disasters like wildfires, floods and Remote sensing is the process of taking images of Earth from the sky using special cameras on satellites or planes. It helps us see things like waterbodies, forests, cities, or even pollution. We use these images to understand and monitor rivers and other water bodies.
- [Hesaraghatta Rainfall Analysis](https://paani.earth/topics/rainfall-homepage/hesaraghatta-rainfall-analysis/) - Updated Date: 12 Feb 2024 In recent decades, degradation of the Hesaraghatta Lake catchment has intensified. Additionally, rainfall exhibits significant variability each year. The period of 1981-1990, marked by continuous low rainfall years, was particularly challenging. In 2022, record rainfall and floods occurred, while 2023 faced drought conditions. These variable rainfall patterns underscore the importance of IMD provides high spatial resolution (0.25X0.25 degree) daily gridded rainfall data covering India from 1901 to 2022 for the Hesaraghatta Catchment. This dataset is utilized for comprehensive rainfall analysis.
- [Hesaraghatta Catchment Timeseries Analysis](https://paani.earth/rivers/arkavathi-river/hc_timeseries-analysis/) - Hesaraghatta Catchment 122-Yr Rainfall Analysis (1901-2022) Updated Date: 11 Feb 2024 Outline: Executive Summary Analysis of 122 years of IMD’s rainfall data for period 1901-2022 for the following Seasons: Annual Both monsoons combined Jun-Dec South-west monsoon Jun-Sep North-east monsoon Oct-Dec Pre-monsoon Mar-May Dry season Jan-Feb Information on some of the key terms used can be Analysis of 122 years of IMD's Hesarghatta catchment rainfall for Pre-monsoon, South-east monsoon and North-east monsoon shows 2021 and 2022 as record rainfall years. The Winter Season, with very little rainfall, shows 1908 as the highest, with 2021 rainfall being the fifth highest. In terms of annual rainfall, 2022 is the highest.
- [Fragmentation](https://paani.earth/topics/remote-sensing-homepage/fragmentation/) - Exploring Fragmentation of Open Water in Hesaraghatta Catchment Updated Date: 08 Feb 2024 The lakes within the Hesaraghatta catchment underwent detailed analysis using Landsat imagery to identify and compare open water trends spanning three decades. Our scrutiny uncovered a significant fragmentation of open water within lakes in recent years, a phenomenon starkly absent in the The lakes within the Hesaraghatta catchment underwent detailed analysis using Landsat imagery to identify and compare open water patterns spanning three decades
- [Open water decline in Hesaraghatta Catchment](https://paani.earth/topics/remote-sensing-homepage/openwaterdecline/) - Exploring the Decline of Open Water in Hesaraghatta Catchment Updated Date: 09 Feb 2024 The lakes within the Hesaraghatta catchment underwent detailed analysis using Landsat imagery. Our scrutiny identified a sharp decline in the open water of the lakes in the Hesaraghatta catchment, indicating a serious water storage crisis. Open water is the visible area By April 2023, the open water had sharply declined by half compared to October 2022, signalling a significant loss of water retention capacity in the lakes of the Hesaraghatta catchment.
- [Koluru Lake Profile Page](https://paani.earth/topics/lake-profiles-homepage/koluru-lake-profile-page/) - Koluru lake situated in Doddaballapura Taluk, Bengaluru Rural District, falls under the jurisdiction of Minor Irrigation. The lake faces significant threats from various quarters, including encroachment for agricultural purposes, soil excavation due to sand mining and brick making, construction of roads, and commercial fuelwood plantations managed by the Karnataka Forest Department. Despite substantial rainfall in Koluru lake situated in Doddaballapura Taluk, Bengaluru Rural District, falls under the jurisdiction of Minor Irrigation. The lake faces significant threats from various quarters, including encroachment for agricultural purposes, soil excavation due to sand mining and brick making, construction of roads, and commercial fuelwood plantations managed by the Karnataka Forest Department.
- [Rainfall_Key Terms](https://paani.earth/topics/rainfall-homepage/rainfall_key-terms/) - Understanding Key Meteorological Terms Updated Date: 30 Jan 2024 The four meteorological seasons: The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) defines four meteorological seasons for any given year: Winter (Jan – Feb). Winter is also called the dry season. Pre-monsoon (Mar-May) Southwest monsoon (Jun-Sep) Post-monsoon (Oct-Dec). Post-monsoon is also called North-east monsoon. Long Period Average (LPA) LPA Understanding key terms used in rainfall analysis - meteorological seasons,Long Period Average, Normal Rainfall, World Meteorological Organization, Indian Meteorological Department etc
- [Thippagondanahalli Reservoir Profile Page](https://paani.earth/topics/lake-profiles-homepage/thippagondanahalli-lake-profile-page/) - Thippagondanahalli reservoir is formed by building a dam at Thippagondanahalli, at the confluence of Arkavathi and Kumudvathi rivers, a few kilometres away from the Silicon Valley of India, Bengaluru. Built to serve the drinking water needs of Bengaluru city, the dam can impound 3.3 Thousand Million Cubic feet (TMC) of water. It is the largest Thippagondahalli reservoir is formed by building a dam at Thippagondanahalli, at the confluence of Arkavathi and Kumudvathi rivers, a few kilometres away from the Silicon Valley of India, Bengaluru. Built to serve the drinking water needs of Bengaluru city, the dam can impound 3.3 Thousand Million Cubic-feet (TMC) of water. It is the largest reservoir in the Arkavathi river basin regarding capacity. It is located in the districts of Bengaluru Urban and Bengaluru Rural.
- [Hosakerehalli Lake Profile Page](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/hosakerehalli-lake-profile-page/) - Hosakerehalli Lake is spread across 59 Acres, and 26 Guntas is located in the Vrishabhavathi river basin of Bengaluru city. This platform provides the necessary data points for citizens & policymakers to address Hosakerehalli Lake and catchment concerns. Rachna Ravikiran is Hosakerehalli lake activist. She can be reached at ravikiran.rachna@gmail.com Hosakerehalli Lake Basic Profile Shows
- [BBMP and Bengaluru Urban Landcover](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/bbmp-land-cover-2021/) - BBMP and Bengaluru Urban Landcover – 2021 Updated Date: 04 Feb 2024 Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) and Bengaluru Urban District Land cover is extracted from the European Space Agency (ESA) World Cover 2021 (based on v200 Algorithm). This freely accessible global land cover product at 10 m resolution for 2021 is based on both BBMP and Bengaluru Urban Landcover
- [Land Use Land Change Homepage](https://paani.earth/topics/land-use-land-change-homepage/) - Arkavathi River Basin Landcover Extracted from European Space Agency’s (ESA) WorldCover 2021 BBMP and Bengaluru Urban From European Space Agency’s (ESA) WorldCover 2021 Anekal Taluk Landcover – 2021 Extracted from European Space Agency’s (ESA) WorldCover 2021 Hennagara Lake catchment – Anekal Taluk Extracted from European Space Agency’s (ESA) WorldCover 2021 Chandapura Lake Catchment – Anekal Land Use Land Change
- [Kambipura Lake Profile Page](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/kambipura-lake-profile-page/) - Kambipura Lake is spread across 5 Acres 13 Guntas is located in the Vrishabhavathi river basin of Bengaluru Urban District. The citizens under the banner of Kambipura Lake Rejuvenation Committee (KLRC) have come together for the protection of the lake. KLRC has been working with the Kumbalgodu Gram Panchayat on fencing the lake. Other activties
- [Wastewater Reuse Homepage](https://paani.earth/topics/wastewater-reuse-homepage/) - Bengaluru tackles water scarcity by treating urban wastewater for non-potable uses. Numerous large-scale projects involve pumping treated wastewater to replenish rain-fed tanks in the hinterlands. The KC Valley project, acclaimed by the government as a model for wastewater reuse, pumps secondary treated wastewater from Bengaluru city’s sewage treatment plants to Kolar district’s rain-fed tanks. The KC Valley project that pumps secondary treated wastewater from Bengaluru city‘s sewage treatment plants to the rain-fed tanks of Kolar district is projected as a model project and a shining example of wastewater reuse in the country. Following this model is the Hebbala-Nagavara valley project, which pumps secondary treated wastewater to Chikkballapur District’s lakes, and the Vrishabhavathi lift irrigation project, which pumps water to the lakes of Ramanagara, Tumkur and Bengaluru Urban & Rural Districts. KC valley project itself is expanded to pump treated wastewater to the lakes of Anekal Taluk. Leading newspapers report that the Central government is working to replicate the KC Valley project nationwide. The page gives analysis
- [Waterbodies of Anekal Taluk](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/waterbodies-of-anekal-taluk/) - Located strategically in Bengaluru-Chennai industrial corridor, Anekal taluk has emerged to be Bengaluru’s industrial hub, especially for the highly polluting Chemical & Pharmaceutical industries. While this industrial development is a remarkable economic success for Bengaluru vis-a-vis India, unfortunately, it has also resulted in extraordinary negative externalities in the form of pollution, esp. of rivers, lakes
- [Hesarghatta Lake Profile Page](https://paani.earth/rivers/arkavathi-river/hesarghatta-lake-profile-page/) - Hesarghatta reservoir constructed on Arkavathi river, is spread across 1224 acres. This platform provides the necessary data points for citizens & policymakers to address Hesarghatta reservoir and its catchment concerns. Hesarghatta Lake Basic Profile Shows Hesarghatta lake inlet, outlet, lake bund, siphon and brick aqueduct. Click the image on the left to load the
- [Lake Governance in India and Karnataka](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/lake-governance-in-india-and-karnataka/) - Lake Governance in India & Karnataka UPDATED DATE: 14 OCT 2023 The Centre for Environmental Law, Education, Research and Advocacy (CEERA) was established in 1997 at National Law School of India University (NLSIU), Bengaluru. In one of the pollution law training sessions conducted by CEERA, Paani.Earth had expressed the need for a document that covers
- [KC valley_Emerging Contaminants](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/koramangala-challaghatta-watershed-homepage/kc-valley-project-homepage/kc-valley_emerging-contaminants/) - Beyond the Surface: Hidden hazards of antibiotics & other Emerging Contaminants in treated wastewater Updated Date: 01 Sep 2023 Emerging contaminants are pervasive chemicals not commonly monitored in the environment but can potentially enter the environment and cause known/suspected adverse human health and/or ecological effects at very low concentrations. Emerging contaminants like pharmaceuticals and personal care
- [Brand Bengaluru](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/brand-bengaluru/) - Suggestions to Green Bengaluru and Sated Bengaluru Updated Date: 25 Aug 2023 As part of the Brand Bengaluru Initiative, suggestions were called by the Karnataka state government on seven themes. Paani attended the sessions and gave suggestions on two themes: ‘Green Bengaluru’, whose nodal agency is BBMP and ‘Sated Bengaluru’, whose nodal agency is BWSSB.
- [KC valley_Wastewater Quality](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/koramangala-challaghatta-watershed-homepage/kc-valley-project-homepage/wastewater-quality/) - KC valley project STPs are breaching regulatory limits. Updated Date: 23 Aug 2023 KC Valley project that pumps secondary treated wastewater from Bengaluru city‘s sewage treatment plants to the rain-fed tanks of Kolar district is projected as a model project and a shining example of wastewater reuse in the country. Following this model is the
- [KC valley_Lack of Surveillance](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/koramangala-challaghatta-watershed-homepage/kc-valley-project-homepage/kc-valley_lack-of-surveillance/) - Lack of Surveillance by Karnataka State Pollution Control Board Updated Date: 19 Aug 2023 Karnataka is making substantial progress in the reuse of secondary treated wastewater. KC valley project that pumps secondary treated wastewater from Bengaluru city‘s sewage treatment plants to the rain-fed tanks of Kolar district is projected as a model project and a
- [KC valley project homepage](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/koramangala-challaghatta-watershed-homepage/kc-valley-project-homepage/) - Koramanagala-Challaghatta (KC) valley tank-filling lift-irrigation project, commonly referred to as the KC valley project, executed by the Karnataka state government, exports secondary treated wastewater via pumping from the Bengaluru city‘s sewage treatment plants to the rain-fed tanks of Kolar district. The project aims to provide irrigation water indirectly by recharging groundwater with secondary treated wastewater.
- [KC Valley Project](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/koramangala-challaghatta-watershed-homepage/kc-valley-project-homepage/kc-valley-project/) - About KC Valley Project Updated Date: 14 Aug 2023 Koramanagala-Challaghatta (KC) valley tank-filling lift-irrigation project, commonly referred to as the KC Valley project, was conceptualised in 2018. Executed by the Karnataka State government, the project pumps secondary treated wastewater from Bengaluru city‘s five sewage treatment plants for storage in ~122 rain-fed tanks of the parched
- [Interactive map](https://paani.earth/interactive-map/) - INTERACTIVE MAP SHOWING RIVERS & LAKES OF ANEKAL TALUK – A PROTOTYPE The interactive map below is a prototype – a elementary working model showing Anekal Taluk’s waterbodies ( in Bengaluru Urban District). As we build know-how on the technical aspects (and, of course, financial) of putting out such maps, we intend to expand and
- [Rivers and Lakes of Anekal](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/waterbodies-of-anekal-taluk/rivers-and-lakes-of-anekal/) - Rivers, Lakes and Watersheds of Anekal Taluk Updated Date: 12 May 2023 The Rivers, Lakes & Watershed of Anekal Taluk map-data visualization shows, as the name says, Rivers – Chinnar, Suvarnamukhi & Dakshina Pinakini, 285 lakes and their cascading connectivity and five watersheds spread over ~533 sq. kms of Anekal Taluk. The lake area, capacity,
- [The First Letter Copy](https://paani.earth/the-first-letter-copy/) - THE FIRST LETTER Created Date: 14 Mar 2023 Our compassion and years of commitment to understanding rivers led us to Paani.Earth. It has been a year since we launched this exclusive platform for rivers of the Cauvery Basin. We are celebrating our first anniversary on Mar 14th , also an international day of action for rivers. So
- [Type of Section](https://paani.earth/type-of-section/) - Work in progress, polluted river stretches of Cauvery Basin We still remember, fondly & nervously, the rocky road we took from ideation to the actual creation of Paani. The cacophony of the naysayers was eroding our confidence, and we almost gave up. But, something held us, something strong and fierce. It nudged us forward. It
- [The First Letter](https://paani.earth/the-first-letter/) - THE FIRST LETTER Created Date: 14 Mar 2023 Our compassion and years of commitment to understanding rivers led us to Paani.Earth. It has been a year since we launched this exclusive platform for rivers of the Cauvery Basin. We are celebrating our first anniversary on Mar 14th , also an international day of action for rivers. So
- [Koramangala Challaghatta Watershed Homepage](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/koramangala-challaghatta-watershed-homepage/) - Koramangala Challaghatta (KC) watershed -Bengaluru’s technology hub, is one of the major watersheds of Bengaluru, occupying 35.5% of Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP). Unfortunately, the lakes, streams, and their connectivity to the Dakshina Pinakini river are vanishing in the KC watershed due to encroachment and pollution. As a result, citizens have risen for the protection,
- [Koramangala-Challaghatta (KC) Watershed](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/koramangala-challaghatta-watershed-homepage/koramangala-challaghatta-kc-watershed/) - Hydrology of Koramangala-Challaghatta (KC) Watershed The map shows the significantly altered urban hydrology, including the famed interconnected lake system for lakes > 3 acres. The lake area, lake custodian, and current state of lake development are given. Lakes ( >3 acres) driven to extinction are identified, and their current land use recorded. Stressors such as
- [Hydrology of Bengaluru](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/hydrology-of-bengaluru/) - Hydrology of Bengaluru The infographic shows the surface hydrology-rivers, lakes, and raja kaluves (i.e., drainage) of Bengaluru urban spread over 2196 sq Kms, overlaid on its topography (Elevation data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) of United States Geological Survey) . A prominent ridge runs through the center of Bengaluru, shown in the infographic as
- [In a nutshell](https://paani.earth/rivers/vrishabhavathi-river-homepage/vrishabhavathi-river-in-a-nutshell/) - IN A NUTSHELL Updated 07 Sept 2022 In a nutshell, is a brief summary representation of Vrishabhavathi river basin. It is a handy snapshot of the comprehensive Vrishabhavathi river basin map. The nutshell spatially represents drainage, lakes, tributaries, industrial areas, quarries, sewage treatment plants and protected areas along with a tabular representation of river basin
- [Vrishabhavathi Map](https://paani.earth/rivers/vrishabhavathi-river-homepage/vrishabhavathi-map/) - VRISHABHAVATHI RIVER MAP Vrishabhavathi river is most talked-about among the citizens, media, academia, private researchers, and various government bodies for its alarming levels of toxic pollution. There are many public interest litigations in high court to get the river cleaned up. Despite this, a basic river basin map does not exist. We have produced the
- [Rise and Fall of Thippagondanahalli Dam](https://paani.earth/rivers/arkavathi-river/rise-and-fall-of-thippagondanahalli-dam/) - RISE & FALL OF THIPPAGONDANAHALLI DAM Updated Date: 04 July 2022 This is the story of how the Thippagondanahalli dam/reservoir (a.k.a Chamarajasagara) on the Arkavathi river rose to prominence as Bengaluru’s drinking water source and 80 years later, became defunct because of pollution and loss of natural river flow. This is also the story of
- [Chamarajasagara Dam/Reservoir Profile](https://paani.earth/rivers/arkavathi-river/chamarajasagara-dam-profile/) - CHAMARAJASAGARA DAM/RESERVOIR PROFILE About Chamarajasagara: Chamarajasagara reservoir is formed by building a dam at Thippagondanahalli, at the confluence of Arkavathi and Kumudvathi rivers, a few kilometres away from the Silicon Valley of India, Bengaluru. Built to serve the drinking water needs of Bengaluru city, the dam can impound 3.3Thousand Million Cubic-feet (TMC) of water. It
- [Arkavathi In a nutshell](https://paani.earth/rivers/arkavathi-river/arkavathi-in-a-nutshell/) - IN A NUTSHELL Updated 27 OCT 2022 In a nutshell, is a summary representation of the Arkavathi river basin. It is a handy snapshot of the comprehensive Arkavathi river basin stressors map. The nutshell spatially represents drainage, lakes, tributaries, industrial areas, quarries, and protected areas, along with a tabular representation of river basin data. Click
- [Rivers of Bengaluru](https://paani.earth/regions/bengaluru_homepage/rivers_of_bengaluru/) - RIVERS OF BENGALURU MAP Rivers of Bengaluru:Vrishabhavathi, Arkavathi, Dakshina Pinakini, Chinnar, Suvarnamukhi, Cauvery and Netravathi. Rivers of Bengaluru map-infographic is a simple spatial representation of rivers of concern to Bengaluru and how we connect with them. The rivers of concern are not limited to just the rivers that flow in the district, but also includes
- [Groundwater Status](https://paani.earth/rivers/vrishabhavathi-river-homepage/groundwater-status/) - VRISHABHAVATHI RIVER BASIN GROUNDWATER STATUS Updated 15 Sept 2022 Central ground water board (CGWB) assesses the stage of groundwater development/extraction by taluks and classifies it as Safe, Semi-Critical, Critical and Overexploited (OE). Administratively, Bengaluru North, Bengaluru south and Anekal taluks are in Bengaluru District, while Ramnagara and Kanakapura Taluks are in Ramnagara District. The river basin spread
- [River Origin & Confluence](https://paani.earth/rivers/vrishabhavathi-river-homepage/vrishabhavathi-river-origin-confluence/) - RIVER ORIGIN AND CONFLUENCE UPDATED 07 SEP 2022 Vrishabhavathi river origin has not been easy to find. And what we have found cannot be conclusively said to be the river origin. The Bangalore district gazetteer documents the birthplace as Basavanagudi. A report by the Indian Institute of Science (2017), first says the river originates
- [Admin Boundries](https://paani.earth/rivers/vrishabhavathi-river-homepage/v-river-admin/) - Administrative Boundaries Updated 07 Sept 2022 Vrishabhavathi river basin is a spread over two districts – Bengaluru Urban (forms 58% of the basin) and Ramnagara (forms 42% of the basin) as shown in the image below. Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP)- Bengaluru Urban district’s city municipality, occupies 23% of the catchment. The 2015 Bhuvan’s land
- [Rainfall Data](https://paani.earth/rivers/vrishabhavathi-river-homepage/v-river-rainfall-data/) - VRISHABHAVATHI RIVER BASIN RAINFALL Updated 02 Sept 2022 Yearly average rainfall from 1981 to 2021, sourced from CHIRPS , is plotted on the graph below. The rainfall shows an increasing trend with a 41-year average at 1024mm. The highest yearly rainfall of 1480mm was in year 2005 year, with the second highest being 1425mm in

## My Templates

- [Get Involved](https://paani.earth/?elementor_library=get-involved) - GET INVOLVED IN BUILDING RIVER BASIN INFORMATION SYSTEM
- [Default Kit](https://paani.earth/?elementor_library=default-kit)
- [for-map](https://paani.earth/?elementor_library=for-map) - Hydrology of Bengaluru The infographic shows the surface hydrology-rivers, lakes, and raja kaluves (i.e., drainage) of Bengaluru urban spread over 2196 sq Kms, overlaid on its topography (Elevation data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) of United States Geological Survey) . A prominent ridge runs through the center of Bengaluru, shown in the infographic as
- [tab 3](https://paani.earth/?elementor_library=tab-3) - What do I do after a tornado? During any storm, listen to local news or a NOAA Weather Radio to stay informed about watches and warnings. Know your community’s warning system. Communities have different ways of warning residents about tornados, with many having sirens intended for outdoor warning purposes. Pick a safe room in your
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- [tab 1](https://paani.earth/?elementor_library=tab-1) - What should I do to prepare for a tornado? During any storm, listen to local news or a NOAA Weather Radio to stay informed about watches and warnings. Know your community’s warning system. Communities have different ways of warning residents about tornados, with many having sirens intended for outdoor warning purposes. Pick a safe room

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- [Ban on Pesticides That are Poisoning Soil and People](https://paani.earth/donations/ban-on-pesticides-that-are-poisoning-soil-and-people/) - Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duisi. Sed ut perspiciatis, unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam eaque ipsa, quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt, explicabo.

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